Achilles tendonitis

Did you know, that Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in a human body?  It joins calf muscles with the calcaneus. Achilles tendon works when we walk, run or jump. Even though it is quite resistant, it may easily develop inflammation due to overuse, injury or disease.

There are two types of Achilles tendonitis Acute,

• which develops rapidly and lasts for a few days; this may be related to very strenuous training,
• and chronic, which lasts for a longer period of time.

The main symptom of Achilles tendonitis is pain behind the heel. The most severe pain is often localized approximately 2-4 cm over the heel, where the Achilles tendon attaches the calcaneus, and this area is the most prone to injuries. Patients with Achilles tendonitis complain about pain which increases after a rest, e.g. in the morning after they wake up or after standing for a longer time. The patient feels the pain when running and jumping. Tendon thickening can be felt at palpation; oedema may also occur. If the pain occurs suddenly, it may mean that the Achilles tendon was ruptured and immediate physician’s help is necessary.

Treatment starts with rest which aims at the cessation of the developing inflammation. In more severe cases it may turn out that ankle immobilization is required. Ice packs placed on the involved limb may bring some relieve. A doctor may prescribe medications to decrease pain and oedema. Physical therapy can also be considered, as it is very helpful in treating Achilles tendon disorders. When all these strategies seem to fail, surgery should be considered.

We can check whether we have problems with Achilles tendon performing a simple test. It is enough to pinch the skin upwards and downwards along the tendon using your thumb and pointer. If you don’t feel any pain, it is good, as it means that your Achilles tendon is pretty normal. If you feel pain, you must consider potential physician’s consultation.

The best way to avoid Achilles tendon injury, is to care of your physical shape. These do not have to be strenous exercises, but rather swimming, cycling or walking. Second thing is to remember about warm-up every time you exercise. The diet also counts – it must be rich with vitamins and minerals. You should also drink a lot of water and have enough sleep. You should not abuse alcohol, limiting caffeine consumption and smoking cessation are also recommended.  If you do any sport, exercise on soft surfaces.  You should invest in comfortable shoes. Owing to this, you will be able to enjoy your tendons for a long time.